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发信人: zzt (破网,烂网), 信区: Linux
标 题: 3.0-RELEASE NOTE 部分中译版
发信站: BBS 荔园晨风站 (Thu Nov 12 22:29:09 1998), 站内信件 (WWW POST)
发信人: foxfair@freebsd.ee.ntu.edu.tw (众神无语), 信区: TW386BSD
标 题: [DOC] 3.0-RELEASE NOTE 部份中译版
发信站: 从零开始 (Tue Oct 20 00:33:43 1998)
转信站: bbs.mm.gnet.gd.cn!clinux.ml.org!hammer.uoregon.edu!news.Hawaii.Edu!news
这份文件是我用破破的英文能力加上旧旧的英汉字典硬 K 出来的，希望更多对
FreeBSD 有兴趣的人能跨越语言的隔阂，和我们一起来到这美丽的世界里面遨游
！任何有关本文件的建议或指正请 mailto: ahoo@ma.ks.edu.tw，谢谢！如果这
次真的翻得很烂，请看不下去的高手下次帮帮忙多翻几份出来造福大家吧！:)
以下原文请参阅 woju 转贴的 [anno] 3.0-RELEASE is now available (from jkh)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 3.0-RELEASE is now available from ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD
Date: Fri, 16 Oct 1998 13:19:03 -0700
From: "Jordan K. Hubbard" <jkh@time.cdrom.com>
在众多 FreeBSD 专案志愿者呕心沥血付出心力之後，长久以来众人所期待的
FreeBSD 3.0 版终於出现了！
本正式版主要是针对系统发展者和追求最新版本的玩家而来，虽然许多 ISP
都已经回报在生产中使用它有很好的结果（这并不是我们建议，不过却有极
高的能力）。更多的讯息请参阅正式版的摘录（稍後会出现）。
【译者注】(这里我不太会翻译.....所以先把原文放上去，免得失了原意。)
---------------------------------------------------------------------
This release is primarily aimed at developers and early-adopters,
though many ISPs have reported good results when using it in
production (not that we recommend this to any but the most highly
skilled). See the release notes (which are appended below) for more
information.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
FreeBSD 3.0 正式版现在在 ftp.freebsd.org 跟它世界上其他许多 FTP mirror
站台都可以找到。亦可以透过向 Walnut Creek CDROM 公司订购光碟片来得，
此完整包装的四片光碟将另外包含许多程式发展者有兴趣以及一般使用者喜欢的
程式。
【重要注解】：所有从贩售本光碟片所得的利益仅设定为支援 FreeBSD 专案所用！
像许多高科技领域的企业机构，Walnut Creek CDROM 公司知道为了让产品有明显的
市场成长，你必须在培育人才方面做出重大的投资，即使这代表著你必须放弃短期的
利益。Walnut Creek CDROM 是目前唯一一家在做这样的事情的光碟片供应商，因此
我希望如果你（或是你能说服其他人:)经由购买我们的光碟来支持本专案，谢谢您！
FreeBSD 正式的 FTP 集散站台是：
ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD
或是你可以用 Web 浏览器来读取：
ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/pub/FreeBSD/index.html
抑或，你可以从 Walnut Creek CDROM 公司发售的光碟中取得，请连络：
Walnut Creek CDROM
4041 Pike Lane, #F
Concord CA, 94520 USA
Phone: +1 925 674-0783
Fax: +1 925 674-0821
Tech Support: +1 925 603-1234
Email: info@cdrom.com
WWW: http://www.cdrom.com/
如果你在日本，请前往 http://www.pht.co.jp 取得订购有关 3.0 版
日本版本（或英文版，如果开始正式发售後）的相关产品资讯。Pacific
HiTech 是目前 Walnut Creek CDROM 公司在日本销售 FreeBSD 相关业务
的加盟厂商。
此外，FreeBSD 也可以从以下各国的 mirror 站台经由匿名 FTP 取得：
阿根廷，澳洲，巴西，保加利亚，加拿大，捷克，丹麦，爱沙尼亚，芬兰，法国，
德国，香港，匈牙利，冰岛，爱尔兰，以色列，日本，韩国，拉脱维亚，马来西亚
，荷兰，波兰，葡萄牙，罗马尼亚，俄国，斯拉维尼亚，南非，西班牙，瑞典，
台湾（【译者注：终於出现了】），泰国，乌克兰以及英国（还有更多其他连我自
己都没听过的国家:)。
在你尝试连往主要的 FTP 站台前，先到以下位置确认你所在区内的 mirror 站已经
有备份资料。
ftp://ftp.<yourdomain>.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD
任何额外的 mirror 站台为自动标示成 ftp2, ftp3 , 等以此类推。
FreeBSD 的部份限制出境(export-restricted)程式码（像 eBones 以及 secure 系
列）最新版本可以在以下的位置取得，如果你不在美国或加拿大，请由下列几个国外
集散站台之一取得：
南非：
ftp://ftp.internat.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD
ftp://ftp2.internat.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD
巴西：
ftp://ftp.br.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD
芬兰：
ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/unix/FreeBSD/eurocrypt
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=--=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
有关本正式版本的更多资料如下：
RELEASE NOTES
FreeBSD Release 3.0-RELEASE
这是我们第一个 3.0-CURRENT 系列的正式版，主要是针对追求新版本的玩家跟系统
发展者。本文件只在有人看到并且回报的时候才做更新。自然而然地，任何安装上的
失败或当机亦应立即经由发送邮件(mail)或是利用 sned-pr 指令给
freebsd-bugs@FreeBSD.org 来回报错误。（亦可使用你比较喜欢的 WEB 基本界面来
参阅 http://www.freebsd.org/send-pr.html）
有关 FreeBSD 的资讯以及 3.0-Release 版目录的规划（尤其是假如你正从软碟机安
装本版本！），请参阅 ABOUT.TXT 档。安装指令请参阅 INSTALL.TXT 以及
HARDWARES.TXT 各档。
这应该不是 3.0-current 支系的最後一个正式版，每日的 snapshot release 版本
还是会正常的继续跟在这个版本後面释出，请由以下路径安装：
ftp://current.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD
假如你想得到最新的 post-3.0-RELEASE 技术。
目录
----------------------------
1. 2.2.x-RELEASE 以来的更新
1.1 核心(Kernel)更动
1.2 安全性的修正
1.3 使用者方面的更动
2. 硬体支援的列表
2.1 磁碟控制器
2.2 乙太网路卡
2.3 ATM
2.4 杂项
3. 由前一个正式版升级
4. 回报问题，提出建议，索取程式码。
5. 致谢
1. 2.2.x-RELEASE 以来的更新
---------------------------
这里描述所有更动都是唯一针对 3.0 支系的，除非有特别标明是【合并】的部份。
1.1 核心更动
------------
(【译者注】：我这里只翻译一些简单常见，易懂的部份，比较偏技术性的讨论相信透过
这份翻译文件并不能说明什麽，还是请诸位多做点功课，有兴趣可以看看以下几个
mailing list: freebsd-announce, freebsd-hackers, freebsd-current,
freebsd-bugs，当然还有其他你自己感兴趣的)
1.1. KERNEL CHANGES
-------------------
o 2.2.x SCSI 子系统几乎已完全由另一个全新的“CAM“(Common Access Method)
SCSI 系统所替代，这个系统提供了改良的效率、更佳的错误回复(error recovery)
以及对更多 SCSI 控制器的支援。
o Network Computing Services, Inc. 此公司所有的 The Host ATM Research
Platform("HARP") 软体已经整合进入系统，请参阅 /usr/src/share/examples/atm
有更详细的资讯。
o 对称式多重处理(SMP, Symmetric MultiProcessing)支系业已并入，核心目前还没
有进行登记，不过正在研发当中。
o 4.4BSD-Lite2 的程式码已经（也终於）并入。
o 已支援 secure RPC(在 NFS 下亦可)。
o 已支援 Sun's WEBNFS 标准。
o MSDOS 档案系统的程式码可支援 VFAT 和 FAT32 分割区。
【合并：此功能亦出现在 2.2.7 以及稍後释出的 2.2-STABLE 支系版本】
o 支援 ATAPI/IDE CD 烧录器(测试中)。
o 支援 ATAPI/IDE 磁带机(测试中)。
o 支援使用 VESA 视讯模式，现在选择并且使用现代视讯卡上 BIOS 提供的显示
模式是可能的。这将支援 132x60 解析度的控制台和硬体支援通用样式的高解
析度图形。也将支援执行在光栅模式(rastermode)下的控制台，将让 XFree86
可以在不支援 800x600 模式的视讯硬体下执行简单的 16 色伺服器。
o 支援 AdvanSys SCSI 控制器。
o 支援 QLogin SCSI 及光纤通道控制器。
o 支援 Adaptec 7890, 7891, 7895, 7896 and 7897 系列控制器(新的 2940/2950/
3940/3950 系列)
o 乙太网路卡装置 ed0(wd8xxxx, 3c503, NE2000, HP Lan+) 的内定 IRQ 范围更改成
IRQ5 - IRQ10。并移除乙太网路卡装置 ed1，可利用使用者定义公用程式去更改 ed0
的值以适合个人网路卡设定。
【合并：以上两项更动亦出现在 2.2.6 以及稍後释出的 2.2-STABLE 支系】
o 管理每日时间的程式码合理性已经重新改写过, 新的特色是: 核心模式跟使用者层级
都可透过 NTPD 逐步的调校正确支援超微秒的连续性, 并支援高精度外部时间讯号的
同步性.
o PPS API 的支援在 draft-mogul-pps-api-02.txt 中多有描述, 对并列式印表机埠中
的 TTL 边界提升输入(rising edge inputs)已加入印表机驱动程式的支援之内.
o Use the new if_multiaddrs list for multicast addresses rather than the
previous hackery involving struct in_ifaddr and arpcom. Get rid of the
abominable multi_kludge.
O Multicast 位址使用新的 if_multiaddrs 列表来替代以前的高深复杂的 in_ifaddr
和 arpom 结构。Get rid of the abominable multi_kludge.
o 乙太网路驱动程式新的 if_media 选择法由 Jason Thrope's 在 NetBSD 上的实作而
引入。
【合并：亦会在 2.2.5 和稍後释出的 2.2-STABLE 支系版本中】
o Multi-session ISO-9660 光碟片现在完全支援了. 内定值将嵌入(【译者注：或是
应该翻成架设？就是 mount :P】)最後一个 session(包含根目录的嵌入). 在非根
目录的嵌入时，mount_cd9660(8) 能以参数来嵌入一个特定的而不是内定的 session.
o The UPAGES are gone from the per-process address space which allows
complete address space and page table sharing by reference count.
o Newly forked child processes return directly to user mode rather than
return up through the fork() syscall tree. This eliminates the kernel
stack copy at fork time and simplifies certain other internal operations.
It is also needed to support the removal of the UPAGES. (The idea for
this originally came from NetBSD, but we did it for different reasons.)
o vfork() is now fully functional by taking advantage of the new sharing
semantics and a significant speedup has been measured. This can be
disabled via the kern.fast_vfork sysctl variable in case of problems.
Statically linked binaries from older releases and other BSD platforms
are a problem since there was a bug in the 4.4BSD (net2, Lite and Lite2)
popen() implementation. rfork() also has access to these facilities,
intended for supporting kernel assisted threads.
o 因为 Berkeley Software Design 公司以及 Jonathan Lemmon, Mike Smith, Sean
Eric Fagan, 和 John Dyson 的投稿，VM86 支援已经加入核心，BSD/OS 所散布的
dosemu 也已经支援。
o The SA_NOCLDWAIT flags has been implemented, featuring the System V
option where a process can express its wish to never get zombies or
SIGCHLD for dead children.
o An implementation of poll(2) is in place, the core of which is derived
from the NetBSD implementation. Both the select() and poll() syscalls
use the poll device, file and vnode ops routines.
o An implementation of issetugid(2) that is similar to the OpenBSD call
of the same name. We set the flag in more cases than OpenBSD - our
implementation is slightly more paranoid.
o 非同步 IO 的额外支援（在非同步多处理器, non-SMP 阶段）已经由 kernel
assited thread 完成。
o 一些与其他系统相容的杂项 syscalls: getsid(2), stepgid(2), nanosleep(2).
o A new syscall signanosleep(2) which is like nanosleep(2), but a specific
signal mask is used to determine which signals will wake the sleep. In
a nutshell this is 'wait for a given set of signals for up to a certain
amount of time'.
o sleep(3) and usleep(3) are now implemented in terms of signanosleep(2)
and now have correct SIGALRM interaction semantics and sleep(3) correctly
returns the time remaining. Some programs (notably apache httpd) bogusly
depend on a sleep() "absorbing" a SIGALRM from a timer that expires during
the life of the sleep.
o An in-kernel linker is implemented and intended to replace the lkm system
with the bogosity that goes with it.
o All supported network protocols have been updated to avoid the ``big
switch'' pr_usrreq(), and to pass a process pointer down to each user
request that might need process credentials or want to sleep,
replacing the previous hodgepodge of inspecting curproc (which only
occasionally did the right thing) and the SS_PRIV socket state flag.
The latter has now been eliminated, along with the SO_PRIVSTATE socket
option which cleared it. Protocols are now also given the opportunity
to override the generic send, receive, and poll routines, which will
make it possible for a more efficient, protocol-specific
implementation of these entry points in later releases. Finally, many
parts of the network code have been modified to cease storing socket
addresses and other metainformation in mbufs, in preparation for the
eventual elimination thereof. The mechanism by which socket addresses
are now returned is still highly subject to change as we experiment to
discover the most efficient method.
o Responses to multicast ICMP ECHO REQUEST (``ping'') and ADDRESS MASK
REQUEST packets can now be disabled via sysctl. The netstat program
will print out statistics on how many times this happens.
o A subtle and seldom encountered bug in ffs has been fixed.
o The VFS name cache has been reworked to be more accountable and efficient.
o The generic part of VOP_LOOKUP() has been put it in system-wide function
which filesystems can rely on for the canonical stuff.
o Vnode freelist handling has been hauled over. Vnodes are only on the
freelist if nobody cares about them.
o The kernel provides assistance to getcwd() from data stored in the name
cache if possible.
o An interrupt driven configuration hook mechanism has been implemented.
This allows drivers to postpone part of their configuration until after
interrupts are fully enabled. This speeds booting because busy-waiting
is avoided for things like sub device probing (eg: SCSI bus probes).
o The timeout(9) system in the kernel has been overhauled. This gives
O(1) insertion and removal of callouts and an O(hash chain length)
amount of work to be performed in softclock. The original paper is at:
http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~amc/research/timer/
o Changes in driver buffer queuing to deal with ordered transactions. This
is intended for sequencing data and metadata writes in the filesystem code
once fully supported.
o EISA Shared interrupts are now supported, working with the framework
originally for supporting PCI shared interrupts.
o Support for the Comtrol Rocketport card.
o IPFW's packet and byte counters have been expanded from 32 to 64 bits,
a `FWD' operation has been added to ipfw to support transparent
proxying and the divert operation has changed slightly - see the man
pages for natd(8) and ipfw(8) for more information.
o New Plug and Play (PnP) support that allows you to (re)configure PnP
devices. Also support modems being detected by the PnP part and
automatically attached.
[MERGED: Also in 2.2.6 and later releases on 2.2-STABLE branch]
o Import of new sound code from Luigi Rizzo. This code is still being
developed, but has support for a number of different cards.
[MERGED: Also in 2.2.6 and later releases on 2.2-STABLE branch]
o The psm, mse and sysmouse drivers are improved to provide better mouse
support. In particular, the psm driver now supports various ``wheeled''
mice.
[MERGED: Also in 2.2.6 and later releases on 2.2-STABLE branch]
o Added support for SMC EtherPower II 10/100 Fast Ethernet card
(aka SMC9432TX based on SMC83c170 EPIC chip).
[MERGED: Also in 2.2.7 and later releases on 2.2-STABLE branch]
o Added support for ATAPI floppy drives (LS-120).
[MERGED: Also in 2.2.7 and later releases on 2.2-STABLE branch]
o Added support for IBM Etherjet and other Crystal Semiconductor
CS89x0-based NICs.
[MERGED: Also in 2.2.7 and later releases on 2.2-STABLE branch]
o Added support for Texas Instruments TNET100 'ThunderLAN' PCI NIC.
[MERGED: Also in 2.2.8 and later releases on 2.2-STABLE branch]
o Added full bus master DMA support for 3c900 and 3c905 adapters and
added support for the 3c905B.
[MERGED: Also in 2.2.8 and later releases on 2.2-STABLE branch]
1.2. SECURITY FIXES
-------------------
[MERGED: all changes soon after specified date in 2.2-STABLE branch]
1.2. 安全性的修正
------------------
【合并：所有更动都详载在 2.2-STABLE 支系】
97/7/29 Lots of lpr/lpd security fixes merged from OpenBSD.
97/8/22 buffer overflows in tip corrected (benign since tip isn't
set[ug]id)
97/8/26 buffer overflow in glob fixed, no know exploits
97/8/27 vacation security problem with sendmail corrected (SNI)
97/8/29 inetd sleeps less when children exit, making DoS attacks much
harder.
97/8/29 fts now race-proof and find -execdir added (-current only)
97/8/31 games setuid -> setgid. Makes any games exploits benign (only
score files vulnerable). Please report any problems to
eivind@FreeBSD.org (score-file ownership problems are known)
97/12/3 Add Intel's suggested fix for the F00F bug. If you don't have
a Pentium, the NO_F00F_HACK kernel option will disable it.
98/1/20 More robust protection against LAND attacks now incorporated.
有关 suidperl 的弱点相信在 CERT CA-97.17 建议案中已经获得修正。
目前 KerberosIV 已经并入系统。
1.3. 使用者层级的更动
---------------------
内定二进制程式码格式（以及程式编译器的工具链结)已经由 a.out 更换到
ELF。这让我们得以存取更新的编译技术（大多数都不支援 a.out),
允许更小的可执行程式，以及提供更多对像 C++ 这类语言的支援，还有
其他许多优点。当然早期 a.out 的程式库跟二进制程式码将继续使用，
并供给早先已安装各式各样的程式做过渡时期之用。
Perl4 已由 Perl5 替代成一个系统中的标准部份。
内定使用者名称的长度增加到 16 个字元。警告：在此变更下，旧的 utmp/wtmp
档将不会有作用，因为资料记录是使用旧的长度。一个针对此点的转换公用程式
，请参考 /usr/src/tools/3.0-upgrade。
/etc/sysconfig 档现在由更完整的 /etc/rc.conf 档取代。
【合并：在 2.2.1 以及稍後释出的 2.2-STABLE 支系版本中亦同】
fdisk(8) 现在对磁碟分割(disk slice)的记码由以前的 0 到 3 换成 1 到 4。
同时 /dev 目录下的装置名称一起更动。
Amd 自动嵌入器已从 1993 4.4BSD 版本到最新的 am-utils 现行版本中更新，
标示(Map)选项有些许更动，并支援一个新的设定档 /etc/amd.conf，请参考
"man 5 amd.conf"。
可自制 FreeBSD 开机磁碟片程式 "picobsd" 以及 "mini systems" 已经
被引入 /usr/src/release/picobsd. 请参阅以下档案以获得更多资讯：
file:/usr/src/release/picobsd/README.html
在网路模式下运作时，finger(1)并不会在送出要求之後马上关闭，会继续等待
直到远端先关闭并回应终了。（这个解释有点模糊，因此我们仅跟随与最多伺服器
相互操作的反应）
【译注：越看越模糊了吧？还是看原文比较清楚他的意思 :P】
------------------------------------------------------------------------
When operating over the network, finger(1) no longer closes the socket
immediately after sending its request, but instead waits for the
remote end to close first. (The specification is ambiguous, so we are
following the behavior which interoperates with the most servers.)
This means that it is now possible to use the MIT directory and finger
people at certain broken Linux machines.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
fetch(1) 指令多了一个新旗标(flag)允许他跟某些对需求讯息反应不良
，立即导致关闭连结的间断 HTTP 操作交谈。
现在 netstat 使用 sysctl(3) 来接收更多统计群组，并使用正确的，无标记的
格式来印出大多数的资料。
为了在 syscons ttys 上实作一个简单的 VGA 图形模式(类似 Linux 的 LibSVGA)
现在一个新的 VGA 程式库（/usr/src/lib/libvgl）出现了。
【合并：亦存在於 2.2.5 版以及稍後释出的 2.20STABLe 支系版本】
为了对本身的便利性，Xntpd 的系统记录行为已被移出。
(LOG_NTP, 使用者层级名称为 "ntp")
增加一对新的 ioctl: SIOC[SG]IFGENRIC。目的是为了透通 ioctl 子命令到
网路界面驱动程式的任意连接，举例来说，PPP 驱动程式要在驱动程式跟使用
者层级公用程式之间传送项 CHAP 名称，以及密码，或是其他各种不同选项时
这就是不可或缺的。
从 FreeBSD 2.2.x 以来 sppp(4) 已经改进成一个合理的(fair??)位元。现在
它使用一个完全成熟的 PPP 状态装置，提供许许多多有关 LCP 和 IPCP 的通
道，这使得背景模式拨号(dial-on-demand)连线方式随时得以备妥（就像 ISDN
常常在做的工作）。它亦提供 PAP 或 CHAP 的认证。使用者层级对照的
spppcontrol(8) 也是第一个利用上述 SIOC[SG]IFGENRIC ioctl 指令的程式。
moused(8) 已修正成透过 "wheel" 支援各式不同的滑鼠。并自动辨认支援 PnP
COM 装置标准的滑鼠，所以使用者不再需要在命令列加入滑鼠通讯协定的格式。
【合并：2.2.6 以及稍後释出的 2.2-STABLE 支系版本中亦同】
ppp(8)支援许多额外的功能包含 PPP 多重连线(Multilink)协定(RFC1990), PPP
回拨(CBCP延伸集)以及客户端 DNS 通道。可能出现的系统设定冲突细节请参考
原始档目录下 README.changes
Pthread 读/写锁定被定义成第二版单人 UNIX 规格，已经加入到 POSIX 系列
程式库 libc_r。
系统档案现在由使用者 "root", 所属群组 "wheel" 所拥有。 UID 0 比 "bin"
有更多的保护，尤其在 NFS 下。
/bin/sh 讯号以及 trap 处置重新运作，换句话说这让终端模式(tty-mode)
emacs 经由像邮件代理程式的 system(2) 呼叫而动作。数个语法错误已经修正
【合并：在 2.2.8 以及稍後释出的 2.2-STABLE 支系版本中亦同】
systat(1), iostat(8), rpc.rstatd(8), 以及 vmstat(8) 已经被彻底的检查以
使用新的 devstat(3) 程式库和 devstat(9) 统计子系统。其他改进方面，这些
公用程式(除了 rpc.rstatd(8))现在可印出更多有用的统计资料，并观看系统中
所有装置的统计，而非前八项。
2. 支援的设定
-------------
FreeBSD 现在可以在广泛多样化的 ISA, VLB, EISA, 以及 PCI 汇流排基准的
个人电脑上执行，范围从 386sx 到 Pentium 等级的机器(虽然 386sx 并不是
被推荐的)。对一般的 IDE 或 ESDI 装置的设定，不同的 SCSI 控制器，网路
卡和序列卡亦被支援。
以下是一份目前所有已经可以在 FreeBSD 下正常工作的周边列表。其他的设定
也可以工作，只是我们还不确定。
2.1. Disk Controllers
---------------------
WD1003 (any generic MFM/RLL)
WD1007 (any generic IDE/ESDI)
IDE
ATA
Adaptec 1535 ISA SCSI controllers
Adaptec 154x series ISA SCSI controllers
Adaptec 174x series EISA SCSI controller in standard and enhanced mode.
Adaptec 274X/284X/2920/2940/2950/3940/3950 (Narrow/Wide/Twin) series
EISA/VLB/PCI SCSI controllers.
Adaptec AIC7850, AIC7880, AIC789x, on-board SCSI controllers.
AdvanSys SCSI controllers (all models).
Buslogic 545S & 545c
Buslogic 445S/445c VLB SCSI controller
Buslogic 742A, 747S, 747c EISA SCSI controller.
Buslogic 946c PCI SCSI controller
Buslogic 956c PCI SCSI controller
DPT SCSI/RAID controllers (most variants).
SymBios (formerly NCR) 53C810, 53C825, 53c860 and 53c875 PCI SCSI
controllers:
ASUS SC-200
Data Technology DTC3130 (all variants)
NCR cards (all)
Symbios cards (all)
Tekram DC390W, 390U and 390F
Tyan S1365
QLogic SCSI and Fibre Channel controllers.
DTC 3290 EISA SCSI controller in 1542 emulation mode.
With all supported SCSI controllers, full support is provided for
SCSI-I & SCSI-II peripherals, including hard disks, optical disks,
tape drives (including DAT and 8mm Exabyte), medium changers, processor
target devices and CDROM drives. WORM devices that support CDROM commands
are supported for read-only access by the CDROM driver. WORM/CD-R/CD-RW
writing support is provided by cdrecord, which is in the ports tree.
The following CD-ROM type systems are supported at this time:
(cd) SCSI interface (also includes ProAudio Spectrum and
SoundBlaster SCSI)
(matcd) Matsushita/Panasonic (Creative SoundBlaster) proprietary
interface (562/563 models)
(scd) Sony proprietary interface (all models)
(wcd) ATAPI IDE interface
SCSI TAPE SUPPORT:
The CAM SCSI tape driver doesn't yet handle older (and many times broken)
tape drives very well. If you've got an older SCSI-1 tape drive, like an
Exabyte 8200 or older QIC-type tape drive, it may not work properly with
the CAM tape driver. This is obviously a known problem, and we're
working on it.
Newer tape drives that are mostly SCSI-2 compliant should work fine.
e.g., DAT (DDS-1, 2 and 3), DLT, and newer Exabyte 8mm drives should
work fine.
If you want to find out if your particular tape drive is supported, the
best way to find out is to try it!
The following drivers were supported under the old SCSI subsystem, but are
NOT YET supported under the new CAM SCSI subsystem:
Tekram DC390 and DC390T controllers (maybe other cards based on the
AMD 53c974 as well).
NCR5380/NCR53400 ("ProAudio Spectrum") SCSI controller.
UltraStor 14F, 24F and 34F SCSI controllers.
Seagate ST01/02 SCSI controllers.
Future Domain 8xx/950 series SCSI controllers.
WD7000 SCSI controller.
Adaptec 1510 series ISA SCSI controllers (not for bootable devices)
Adaptec 152x series ISA SCSI controllers
Adaptec AIC-6260 and AIC-6360 based boards, which includes the AHA-152x
and SoundBlaster SCSI cards.
[ Note: There is work-in-progress to port the AIC-6260/6360 and
UltraStor drivers to the new CAM SCSI framework, but no estimates on
when or if they will be completed. ]
Unmaintained drivers, they might or might not work for your hardware:
Floppy tape interface (Colorado/Mountain/Insight)
(mcd) Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM interface (all models)
2.2. Ethernet cards
-------------------
Allied-Telesis AT1700 and RE2000 cards
AMD PCnet/PCI (79c970 & 53c974 or 79c974)
SMC Elite 16 WD8013 ethernet interface, and most other WD8003E,
WD8003EBT, WD8003W, WD8013W, WD8003S, WD8003SBT and WD8013EBT
based clones. SMC Elite Ultra. SMC Etherpower II.
Texas Instruments ThunderLAN PCI NICs, including the following:
Compaq Netelligent 10, 10/100, 10/100 Proliant, 10/100 Dual-Port
Compaq Netelligent 10/100 TX Embedded UTP, 10 T PCI UTP/Coax, 10/100 TX UTP
Compaq NetFlex 3P, 3P Integrated, 3P w/ BNC
Olicom OC-2135/2138, OC-2325, OC-2326 10/100 TX UTP
DEC EtherWORKS III NICs (DE203, DE204, and DE205)
DEC EtherWORKS II NICs (DE200, DE201, DE202, and DE422)
DEC DC21040, DC21041, or DC21140 based NICs (SMC Etherpower 8432T, DE245, etc)
DEC FDDI (DEFPA/DEFEA) NICs
Fujitsu MB86960A/MB86965A
HP PC Lan+ cards (model numbers: 27247B and 27252A).
Intel EtherExpress 16
Intel EtherExpress Pro/10
Intel EtherExpress Pro/100B PCI Fast Ethernet
Isolan AT 4141-0 (16 bit)
Isolink 4110 (8 bit)
Novell NE1000, NE2000, and NE2100 ethernet interface.
3Com 3C501 cards
3Com 3C503 Etherlink II
3Com 3c505 Etherlink/+
3Com 3C507 Etherlink 16/TP
3Com 3C509, 3C579, 3C589 (PCMCIA), 3C590/592/595/900/905/905B PCI and EISA
(Fast) Etherlink III / (Fast) Etherlink XL
Toshiba ethernet cards
Crystal Semiconductor CS89x0-based NICs, including:
IBM Etherjet ISA
PCMCIA ethernet cards from IBM and National Semiconductor are also
supported.
Note that NO token ring cards are supported at this time as we're
still waiting for someone to donate a driver for one of them. Any
takers?
2.3 ATM
-------
o ATM Host Interfaces
- FORE Systems, Inc. PCA-200E ATM PCI Adapters
- Efficient Networks, Inc. ENI-155p ATM PCI Adapters
o ATM Signalling Protocols
- The ATM Forum UNI 3.1 signalling protocol
- The ATM Forum UNI 3.0 signalling protocol
- The ATM Forum ILMI address registration
- FORE Systems's proprietary SPANS signalling protocol
- Permanent Virtual Channels (PVCs)
o IETF "Classical IP and ARP over ATM" model
- RFC 1483, "Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5"
- RFC 1577, "Classical IP and ARP over ATM"
- RFC 1626, "Default IP MTU for use over ATM AAL5"
- RFC 1755, "ATM Signaling Support for IP over ATM"
- RFC 2225, "Classical IP and ARP over ATM"
- RFC 2334, "Server Cache Synchronization Protocol (SCSP)"
- Internet Draft draft-ietf-ion-scsp-atmarp-00.txt,
"A Distributed ATMARP Service Using SCSP"
o ATM Sockets interface
2.4. Misc
---------
AST 4 port serial card using shared IRQ.
ARNET 8 port serial card using shared IRQ.
ARNET (now Digiboard) Sync 570/i high-speed serial.
Boca BB1004 4-Port serial card (Modems NOT supported)
Boca IOAT66 6-Port serial card (Modems supported)
Boca BB1008 8-Port serial card (Modems NOT supported)
Boca BB2016 16-Port serial card (Modems supported)
Comtrol Rocketport card.
Cyclades Cyclom-y Serial Board.
STB 4 port card using shared IRQ.
SDL Communications Riscom/8 Serial Board.
SDL Communications RISCom/N2 and N2pci high-speed sync serial boards.
Stallion multiport serial boards: EasyIO, EasyConnection 8/32 & 8/64,
ONboard 4/16 and Brumby.
Adlib, SoundBlaster, SoundBlaster Pro, ProAudioSpectrum, Gravis UltraSound
and Roland MPU-401 sound cards. (snd driver)
Most ISA audio codecs manufactured by Crystal Semiconductors, OPTi, Creative
Labs, Avance, Yamaha and ENSONIQ. (pcm driver)
Connectix QuickCam
Matrox Meteor Video frame grabber
Creative Labs Video Spigot frame grabber
Cortex1 frame grabber
Hauppauge Wincast/TV boards (PCI)
STB TV PCI
Intel Smart Video Recorder III
Various Frame grabbers based on Brooktree Bt848 chip.
HP4020, HP6020, Philips CDD2000/CDD2660 and Plasmon CD-R drives.
PS/2 mice
Standard PC Joystick
X-10 power controllers
GPIB and Transputer drivers.
Genius and Mustek hand scanners.
Xilinx XC6200 based reconfigurable hardware cards compatible with
the HOT1 from Virtual Computers (www.vcc.com)
Support for Dave Mills experimental Loran-C receiver.
FreeBSD currently does NOT support IBM's microchannel (MCA) bus.
3. 从先前的 FreeBSD 升级
------------------------
如果你正从先前的 FreeBSD 正式版升级，大多数是 2.2.x 或 2.1.x(占少数)以及
某些後续发行版本可能会影响你，这就看你选择什麽方法升级。有两个比较受欢迎
的方法来升级 FreeBSD:
o 从 /usr/src 下的来源档(source)升级。
o 从 sysinstall(程式档,binary)的选项升级。
在使用来源档升级的情形中，有两个单纯的目标你必需要注意：标准的 "world" 目
标将升级 2.x 版本的系统到 3.0 版，或是 "aout-to-elf" 目标，将升级并且转换
系统到 ELF 程式码。
使用程式码选项升级的情形是系统将直接升级到 3.0/ELF ，但是也移植
/<basepath>/lib/aout 目录，以相容於先前系统的程式码。
另一方面，沿用 ELF 格式代表你将有少许变小的程式码，并可以取得更多已经支援
到其他 ELF 环境下编译器的好处(某些我们早期怪异的 a.out 版本已经渐渐的不获
得其他软体专案的支援)，由於他们（【译者注】：指系统中的各类软体）当中许多
还没有适应 ELF 格式，因此你仅能使用相当稀少的支援(ports)跟套装软体
(packages)。这种情形会一直出现，但想要保持能取得最大量套装软体跟 3rd-party
的程式码的人，可能还是应该穿插著使用 a.out。
目前核心也仍然是 a.out 格式，因此旧的 LKMs 跟程式库界面(library
interfaces)可以继续
--
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