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发信人: jjksam (我是傻瓜...), 信区: Linux
标 题: linux faq for an intelligent beginner. ;>
发信站: 荔园晨风BBS站 (Wed Dec 5 23:02:33 2001), 转信
发信人: whyx (努力!奋斗!), 信区: Linux
标 题: linux faq for an intelligent beginner. ;>
发信站: The unknown SPACE (Tue Mar 7 09:56:59 2000), 转信
//linux faq for an intellegent beginner. ;>
this is my faq for myself, sorry for the style. ^_*
//finding help
info abc.exe
man abc.exe
abc.exe --help
www.linuxdoc.org, www.linuxdoc.org.cn
apropos abc //find all man pages related to abc
locate abc.exe //find abc itself
//file operations
ls :dir /w
ls -l :dir
mkdir :md
rmdir :rd
rm -df :deltree/y
rm :del
mv :ren, move
cp :copy
//file attribute
chmod 755 filename :change to drwxr-xr-x
chown sb. filename :change owner
chgrp somegroup filename :change group
//view file
cat :type
more :type abc.txt | more
less :type abc.txt | more
//edit file
vi
//system setting
/etc/bashrc :autoexec.bat
/etc/rc.d/init.d/ :config.sys
/etc/fstab :auto mounted devices
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf :http settings
linuxconf :all the configs.
netconf :network config
fsconf :filesystem config
//security
/etc/passwd
/etc/shadow
//mount
mount /mnt/cdrom :mount dev which has defined in /etc/fstab
mount -t vfat /dev/hda2 /mnt/c :mount ur fat32 system to /mnt/c
smbmount //pppcjm5/c /mnt/pppcjm5 -U ppxxy :samba mount
umount /mnt/pppcjm5 :unmount the system
//nfs mount
server
/etc/exports
<share dir> <permitted hosts>(options)
as in the gate:
/home 192.168.9.0/255.255.255.0(rw)
/projcts 192.168.9.0/255.255.255.0(rw)
/files 192.168.9.0/255.255.255.0(ro)
the user id's on the server and client is identified.
so be care. root won't have user id 0.
//simple route
# these are for impatients. you need to read guides and
# references of these tools to understand and master it.
#
# the ip outside
ifconfig eth0:0 128.243.88.18
# the default gateway
route add default gw 128.243.1.1
# the ip inside
ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.x.1
# enable ip forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
# set ip forward policy
ipchains -P forward DENY
ipchains -A forward -s 192.168.x.0/24 -d 0.0.0.0/0 -j MASQ
then configure your notebook:
IP: 192.168.x.xx
Default gateway: 192.168.x.1
DNS: 192.168.x.1 (optional), 128.243.40.48
(hope it work, or u need to configure your bookpc as a
cache DNS server and let notebook use it)
//check and send mail
mail :check mail
mail somebody@somewhere.com :send mail to sb.
mailq :sendmail queue
fetchmail :can check mail via pop3, imap...
pine :outlook express
echo other_mail@other_place.com > ~/.forword :auto forward ur email
//system's specification
cat /proc/cpuinfo
cat /proc/meminfo
//display system's resources
top :list CPU processes
ps -ax :list all running process
who :who is online.
//control ur tasks
jobs :all ur jobs
^z :pause the job
bg :run background
fg :run foreground
abc.exe& :run background
nice -n 20 abc.exe :set priority to lowest
//user control
adduser username
passwd username
su - :change to root
//format and repartition the harddisk
fdisk
mke2fs
//telnet
don't forget to set ur term to vt100: export TERM="vt100"
make a alias for ur ls: alias ls="ls -F --color"
telnet
rsh :remote share
ssh :secure share
//ftp
ftp
ncftp
//http
don't forget to set ur proxy first:
export http_proxy="http://128.243.220.21:3128/"
lynx www.willing.com.cn
wget ftp://www.willing.com.cn/asdf.zip
//socks5
1. download the file from
http://www.socks.nec.com/98732732/socks5-v1.0r10.tar.gz
2. tar -xzf to somewhere
3. ./configure
4. make
5. make install
6. there r several socks.conf files in 'example' folder, copy
socks5.conf.singlehomed to /etc/socks5.conf
7. run 'socks5'
8. it's ok. u can connect to ur server with port 1080 :)
//Domain name -> IP
dnsquery -n 128.243.40.48 www.nottingham.ac.uk
//IP -> Domain name
nslookup
//install programs
rpm -i asdf.rpm
?? where is the destination of files after i installed *.src.rpm?
/usr/src/redhat/, several sub-dirs.
firstly in SOURCES and SPECS.
cd SPECS and type: `rpm -bp xxx.spec' will expand the source under BUILD.
type `rpm -bc xxx.spec' will expand and compile (build) the code.
type `rpm -bb xxx.spec' will expand and compile and build the binary rpm.
the dest bin rpm is under RPMS.
type `rpm -ba xxx.spec' will also build source rpm, under SRPMS.
build source rpm when u make patches on the original package.
read the manpage for rpm and RPM-HOWTO for more info.
??How to use the disk space which was mounted in other partition?
make a symbol link: ln -s /usr/a_huge_disk/ big_disk
//make and install
make :compile the source files
make install :install the application after compiling.
//zip and unzip
gzip -d abc.tar.gz (decompress)
tar -xf abc.tar (decompress)
tar -xzf abc.tar.gz
tar -cfz abc.tar.gz |gzip
??. what's the meaning of RN in ps -> stat ?(R, S,..)
how to use the printer on the network?
how to use the printer attached to the novel system?
--
※ 来源:．The unknown SPACE bbs.mit.edu．[FROM: 128.243.247.116]
--
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V~~V ▇▆▅▃▁I'm a bat. I'm very bad!^Q^_▃▄▆▇你好！^_^欢迎大家到linux?
※ 修改:·jjksam 於 Dec 5 23:08:31 修改本文·[FROM: 192.168.0.146]
※ 来源:·荔园晨风BBS站 bbs.szu.edu.cn·[FROM: 192.168.0.146]
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